In a world where the energy transition is becoming increasingly urgent, households are starting to turn to greener heating solutions. Currently, among the most environmentally friendly heating systems is the heat pump. But before setting up such a system, it is important to understand how a heat pump works and which type is suitable for each home.
How does a heat pump work?
All heat pumps work in much the same way, i.e. by drawing the energy needed to heat the home from the surrounding environment: either from the air outside, from water, or the ground, the aim being to take advantage of a heating system that uses renewable energy at a lower cost. To transform the cold source into heat, the heat pump consists of four components: an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve. Depending on the type of heat pump, it is possible to heat either the air alone or both the air and water at home.
What are the different types of heat pumps?
At present, two families of heat pumps may be distinguished. The first is called a geothermal heat pump because it draws energy for heating from the ground or groundwater. Depending on the type of collector used, i.e. which horizontal or vertical, the pipes can go deeper into the ground. Horizontal collection requires an area of land twice the size of the house to be heated. With a vertical assemblage, the tubes can penetrate more than 100 m deep. However, if there is a water source under the ground, it is possible to use groundwater to supply the heating system.
In many cases, in housing that lacks an outdoor area, the aerothermal heat pump is used. In this situation, the heat pump draws heat from the outside or inside air. However, it should be noted that as soon as the temperature outside is too low, the air source heat pump is no longer able to perform its role and an alternative heating system must be used.
Installing a heat pump
The air source heat pump is less convenient for a house with a small exterior and/or with other houses in the vicinity, as it makes a lot of noise, which could disturb the neighbours. However, soundproofing is usually available to remedy this problem. If the property has a small garden, it might be better to go for a geothermal heat pump with a vertical collection. Make sure, however, you request permission from the town hall before installation. In any case, it is best to let a professional guide you in choosing the right heat pump for your home.
In the same category